Biography in: "Who's Who in Comedy" by Ronald L. Smith. Pg. 114-115. New York: Facts on File, 1992. ISBN 0816023387
Entered films in 1913 with Majestic and later appeared in several Keystone Kops comedies.
The "Morning Oregonian" reported him as saying in 1920 that he considered himself one of the four great pioneers of film comedy, alongside Charles Chaplin, Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle and Mabel Normand.